MORITZ
HERMANN (BORIS SEMYONOVICH) VON JACOBI
He
was a German Jewish engineer and physicist worked in Russia. Brother of Carl
Gustav Jacob Jacobi was a German mathematician, who made fundamental
contributions in elliptic functions, dynamics and differential equations.
He
was born on 21st September 1801 in the Kingdom of Prussia.
In
1834 he began to study magnetic motors.
In
1835 he moved to Dorpat to lecture at Dorpat University.
He
moved to Saint Petersburg in 1837 to take up research in the usage of
electromagnetic forces for moving machines for Russian Academy of Sciences.
He
investigated the power of an electromagnet in motors and generators. While
studying the transfer of power from a battery to an electric motor, he deduced
the maximum power theorem.
Jacobi
tested motors output by determining the amount of zinc consumed by the battery.
Jacobi constructed a 28 foot electric motor boat powered by battery cells in
1839. The boat carried 14 passengers on Neva River against the current. The
boat fared at the speed of three miles per hour.
He
left this planet on 10th March-1874.
He
lived for 72 years in this planet and even today he lives in the form of his
theorem in all electrical electronics text books.
Maximum
power transfer theorem is useful to determine the value of load resistance for
which there would be maximum amount of power transfer from source to load.
MAXIMUM
POWER TRANSFER THEOREM
A
network delivers maximum power to a load when the load resistance is equal to
the output resistance of the network as seen from the load terminals.
[OR]
A
resistive load connected to a DC network receives maximum power when the load
resistance is equal to the internal resistance of the source network as seen
from load terminals.
APPLICATIONS
1.
In Electronics and telecommunication circuits, resistance matching is
important. These circuits have high output resistance and it is desirable to
adjust the load resistance to get maximum output power irrespective of the
efficiency value.
2.
In power systems, batteries and other sources resistance is so low that the
device would be overloaded if load resistance is made so low as to match the
source resistance. Power system is desirable to keep the losses low and
efficiency high.
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